Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as AtoI RNA editing This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins;Jan 29, 21 · As a positivestrand RNA virus, SFV generates ample amounts of doublestranded (ds) RNA during its life cycle, and the production of dsRNA coincided with the activation of NLRP1 We therefore tested poly(IC), a synthetic dsRNA analog, and in vitro transcribed dsRNA molecules for inflammasome activationRNA ribonucleic acid messenger RNA (mRNA) see ribonucleic acid ribosomal RNA (rRNA) see ribonucleic acid transfer RNA (tRNA) see ribonucleic acid
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Double stranded rna genomes can be found-Feb 05, 21 · Double stranded RNA, also known as dsRNA, usually shows up in viruses and is somewhat unusual In viruses, it is a unique characteristic, and only a small number of viral families exhibit this trait RNA hybridization happens when one RNA strand combines, or hybridizes, with either another RNA strand or a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strandRibonucleic acid (RNA) is a molecule similar to DNA Unlike DNA, RNA is singlestranded An RNA strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (ribose) and phosphate groups Attached to each sugar is one of four basesadenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine , or guanine (G) Different types of RNA
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Jun 01, · RNA interference (RNAi) targeting lethal genes in insects has great potential for sustainable crop protection Compared with traditional doublestranded (ds)RNA delivery systems, nanoparticles such as chitosan, liposomes, and cationic dendrimers offer advantages in delivering dsRNA/small interfering (si)RNA to improve RNAi efficiency, thus promoting the developmentSep 15, 04 · Doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) is an important regulator of gene expression in many eukaryotes It triggers different types of gene silencing that are collectively referred to as RNA silencing or RNASep 30, 13 · Doublestranded(ds) RNA is created through the pairing of complementary sequences A ubiquitous motif in biological systems, dsRNA exhibits a limited conformational plasticity, but exerts a multitude of biological effects dsRNA can possess a transient, dynamic nature, as seen in antisense RNA binding to target sites
Feb 19, 1998 · Doublestranded RNA could conceivably mediate interference more generally in other nematodes, in other invertebrates, and, potentially, in vertebratesAug 18, · In our system we have specific miRNA (micro RNA) that are somewhat complementary to rticles/PMC/Jan 07, 21 · RNA interference (RNAi) is a regulatory mechanism of gene expression mediated by small RNAs By using the RNAi technique, exogenous doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) designed to target mRNA, suppresses target gene expression levels in plants In this study, we adopted the RNAi mechanism as a tool to protect plants from viruses We designed and synthesized several
How RNAi Works The term RNA interference (RNAi) was coined to describe a cellular mechanism that use the gene's own DNA sequence of gene to turn it off, a process that researchers call silencingIn a wide variety of organisms, including animals, plants, and fungi, RNAi is triggered by doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) During RNAi, long dsRNA is cut or "diced" into small fragmentsJul 01, 1998 · The structure and mechanistic properties of RNAs mediating the latter type of cosuppression have yet to be elucidated Here, we discuss the possibility that doublestranded RNA (dsRNA), rather than sense or antisense singlestranded RNAs alone, is the effector molecule responsible for RNAmediated silencing and cosuppressionApr , 21 · Coronaviruses are adept at evading host antiviral pathways induced by viral doublestranded RNA, including interferon (IFN) signaling, oligoadenylate synthetase–ribonuclease L (OASRNase L), and protein kinase R (PKR)
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Dec 08, · Generally, RNA is a singlestranded molecule, unlike DNA double helix In the Baltimore classification of viruses, Group III, Group IV and Group V include RNA viruses Some viruses have an ssRNA or singlestranded RNA genome Therefore, their genome is made from one strand of RNA Moreover, some viruses have dsRNA or doublestranded RNA genomeFeb 05, · Doublestranded RNA (or dsRNA), as is seen here, can be used to block the expression of specific genes EQUINOX GRAPHICS / Science Photo Library / Getty Images RNA molecules are produced in the nucleus of our cells and can also be found in the cytoplasm The three primary types of RNA molecules are messenger RNA, transfer RNA and ribosomal RNADetection of doublestranded RNAs (dsRNAs) is a central mechanism of innate immune defense in many organisms We here discuss several families of dsRNAbinding proteins involved in mammalian antiviral innate immunity These include RIGIlike receptors, protein kinase R, oligoadenylate synthases, adenosine deaminases acting on RNA, RNA interference systems, and
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Summary Staufen is a member of the family of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA)binding proteins involved in the transport and/or localization of mRNAs toApr 24, 19 · RNA interference (RNAi) is a posttranscriptional gene silencing mechanism that is initiated by the presence of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) It was first reported in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans 1 During the past 2 decades, research by academic and commercial entities on the application of RNAi technology for insect pest managementSFV replication and the associated formation of doublestranded (ds) RNA was required to engage the NLRP1 inflammasome Moreover, delivery of long dsRNA was sufficient to trigger activation Biochemical studies revealed that NLRP1 binds dsRNA through its leucinerich repeat domain, resulting in its NACHT domain gaining adenosine triphosphatase activity
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Dec 22, · A Short DoubleStranded RNA Motif of Peach Latent Mosaic Viroid Contains the Initiation and the SelfCleavage Sites of Both Polarity Strands Authors Sonia Delgado , Ángel E Martínez de Alba , Carmen Hernández , and Ricardo Flores email protectedIn a double stranded RNA form, retroviruses infect a host cell with their genome, and then are reverse transcribed into double stranded DNA, with the DNA then integrated into the home cell genome When integrated into a host genome, a retrovirus is hard to detect and can lay dormant for prolonged periods, having no discernible effect on the hostPremRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences;
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Doublestranded (ds) RNA is generated in host cells during the replication of most viruses The host innate immune system thus recognizes dsRNA as a PAMP, inducing robust immune responses that are characterized by the production of type I IFNs and proinflammatory cytokinesDoublestranded RNA synonyms, Doublestranded RNA pronunciation, Doublestranded RNA translation, English dictionary definition of Doublestranded RNA RNA A adenine U uracil C cytosine G guanine nThe 23m long human genome consists of 46 chromosomes, each of which is a single, long DNA molecule RNA molecules, by comparison, are much shorter 4
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RNAi screen identified a doublestranded RNA binding protein (StaufenC) as a major player in RNAi StaufenC homologs have been identified in only coleopteran insects Experiments in two coleopteran insects, Leptinotarsa decemlineata and Tribolium castaneum , showed the requirement of StaufenC for RNAi, especially for processing of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) to smallFeb 02, · DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose The only difference between ribose and deoxyribose is that ribose has one more OH group than deoxyribose, which has H attached to the second (2') carbon in the ring DNA is a doublestranded molecule, while RNA is a singlestranded moleculeDec 14, · An RNAbased vaccine therefore acts as a code to instruct the body to make many copies of the virus protein—and the resulting antibodies—itself, resulting in an immune response Unlike more traditional vaccines, RNAbased vaccines are also beneficial in that they eliminate the need to work with the actual virus
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Like Fire, doublestranded RNA doesn't act alone It teams up, first with an aptly named protein complex named Dicer that chops it into short pieces, and then with another protein group called RISC that discards one of the two RNA strands What's left is a RISCdocked, singlestranded RNA looking for a matchAug 04, 16 · A research group led by Professor Seiichi Nishizawa at Tohoku University's Graduate School of Science has reported a new RNA probe that binds to doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) in a sequencespecificDoublestranded RNA is generated in the cytoplasm during replication of positivestrand RNA and DNA viruses 95 There is accumulating evidence that the TLR3–TICAM1 signaling is involved in protection against virus infection
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In RNA interference introducing short doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) segments into the cells of nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans) The dsRNA segments underwent enzymatic processing that enabled them to attach to molecules of messenger RNA (mRNA) possessing complementary nucleotide sequencesMay 11, 19 · A positive DoubleStranded DNA Antibody Blood Test may indicate lupus in 5070% of cases, if preceded by a positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) blood test The laboratory test results are NOT to be interpreted as results of a "standalone" testMechanisms of RNA Interference or RNAi Doublestranded RNAs or dsRNA are used to silence the expression of target genes via RNA interference After introduction of the dsRNA into an organism, it is processed and broken down into small interfering RNA or siRNA by an enzyme called Dicer Then, siRNA bind to RNAinduced silencing complexes or RISCs
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Dec 18, · RNA can form into doublestranded structures, such as during translation, when mRNA and tRNA molecules pair DNA polymers are also much longer than RNA polymers;Doublestrand RNA (dsRNA) is a signal for genespecific silencing of expression in a number of organisms This phenomenon was demonstrated recently in Caenorhabditis eleganswhen dsRNA was injected into the worm and the corresponding gene products disappeared from both the somatic cells of the organism as well as in its F 1 progeny (Fire et al 1998)Doublestranded RNAspecific editase B2 (EC 35) Alternative name(s) RNAdependent adenosine deaminase 3 RNAediting deaminase 2 RNAediting enzyme 2 dsRNA adenosine deaminase B2 Gene names i NameAdarb2 Synonyms Adar3, Red2 Organism i Rattus norvegicus (Rat) Taxonomic
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The SuperScript® DoubleStranded cDNA Synthesis Kit contains all of the reagents (except an oligo (dT)containing primer) necessary to make highquality, doublestranded cDNA from total RNA or poly A selected RNA (mRNA)The advanced capabilities of SuperScript® II Reverse Transcriptase, with its reduced RNase H activity, maximize the yield of fulllength cDNA, as well as that ofReplication occurs in host cytoplasm and converts ssmRNA to dsgenomic RNA But dsRNA is a kind of molecule that cells do not produce, and eukaryotic hosts have various antiviral systems that detect and inactivate dsRNA To circumvent this defenses, many dsRNA viruses are replicating their RNA inside icosahedral capsidsMany RNA's have a single strand — but a lot of double stranded structure That is because like proteins, many RNA's do a job, and form determines function, so that they have to have secondary structure (the double helix) and tertiary structure (th
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Jan 13, 06 · The specialized ribonuclease Dicer initiates RNA interference by cleaving doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) substrates into small fragments about 25 nucleotides in length In the crystal structure of an intact Dicer enzyme, the PAZ domain, a module that binds the end of dsRNA, is separated from the two catalytic ribonuclease III (RNase III) domains by a flat, positively
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